Details of the Fontana Maggiore in Perugia.
The Fontana Maggiore in Perugia, located in the center of Piazza IV Novembre, is one of the city's symbolic monuments and a masterpiece of Gothic sculpture. Built between 1275 and 1278, the fountain celebrates the arrival of water in the city's acropolis thanks to a new aqueduct.
The fountain was designed by Frà Bevignate da Cingoli and built with the collaboration of Boninsegna Veneziano, a hydraulic engineer, and the famous sculptors Nicola Pisano and Giovanni Pisano. The structure is composed of two concentric polygonal marble basins, surmounted by a bronze cup adorned with female figures from which the water flows.
The lower basin is decorated with 50 panels representing the months of the year, each accompanied by its zodiac symbol. These panels depict scenes of daily life and agricultural work, giving dignity to material work. Furthermore, there are representations of the liberal arts, philosophy, biblical figures and the history of Rome.
The upper basin, on the other hand, is adorned with high reliefs representing historical and mythological figures and allegorical figures. The statues are arranged to form a compass rose, with the four main ones placed at the cardinal points and the other twenty in relation to these.
The fountain is also famous for its enigmatic bronze group of female figures, known as "the water carriers". The symbolic meaning of this sculpture is still a matter of debate today, since there is no explicit mention in the inscription on the basin.
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Here's where the fountain is located:
The Fontana Maggiore, located in the center of Piazza IV Novembre (formerly Piazza Grande), is the symbolic monument of the city of Perugia. The monumental fountain was built by Umberto the Master between 1278 and 1280 to celebrate the arrival of water in the city's acropolis, thanks to the new aqueduct.
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References:
– https://www.secretumbria.it/en/fontana-maggiore-great-fountain-perugia/
– https://turismo.comune.perugia.it/poi/fontana-maggiore